What is Pneumonia and Is it so Dangerous? How to prevent it?
Pneumonia is an infection that causes inflammation in lung parenchyma. This causes cough with sputum production, fever, breathing difficulty, drop in Oxygen levels, Chest pain , which can quickly worsen if left untreated . Pneumonia can be complicated with empyma( pus in the pleural cavity ), bronchopleural fistula, Sepsis, Respiratory failure, even death.
People with weak immune system, children , older individuals, people with underlying lung disease are at high risk of developing pneumonia.
Treatment includes antibiotics, oxygen support, antivirals in case of viral pneumonia, sometime ventilator support may be required.
How can pneumonia be prevented?
Prevention is a crucial aspect in reducing the incidence and severity of pneumonia, a common yet potentially serious respiratory infection. By adopting preventive measures, individuals can significantly lower their risk of infection, protect vulnerable populations, and contribute to overall public health. Some of the preventive measures are:
- Vaccination: Get vaccinated with pneumococcal and flu vaccines to prevent bacterial and viral pneumonia.
- Good Hygiene: Wash hands regularly with soap and water to reduce infection risk.
- Avoid Smoking: Smoking damages lung defense system, increasing the risk of pneumonia.
- Healthy Diet and Exercise: Maintain a balanced diet and regular physical activity to boost the immune system.
- Avoid Sick Contacts: Limit exposure to people with respiratory infections.
- Manage Chronic Conditions:Keep conditions like asthma, COPD, or diabetes under control, as they increase pneumonia risk.
- Practice Respiratory Etiquette: Cover mouth and nose while coughing or sneezing to prevent spreading infections.
- Adequate Sleep:Ensure sufficient rest to support immune health.
